⑴ 电影艺术的成因要素论文
电影自诞生以来经历了无声、无彩，到有声、有彩的过程。没有台词、声音和色彩的电影有很多，但是完全没有音乐的电影却几乎没有出现过，尤其到了现代，音乐已经成为现代电影不可缺少的组成部分。根据大量心理学、社会学研究显示，音乐对人类的情绪有着显著的影响。北电某博士生导师曾做过这样一个实验，在放映此类影片时将背景音乐完全抹去，结果在影片放映半小时内，已有大量观众离场，表示无法继续观看。由此可见，音乐在电影中不可或缺，作用显著。
电影中，很多特殊的场景或人物的心理状态无法用台词来表现，合适的音乐就可以起到一个很好的引导和暗示。影片中常见的人物出场，常常会通过人物的一举一动进行取乐，观众就能较明确的分辨出他是好人或者坏人。当然，随着电影的发展，这样简单的处理手法会越来越少，但万变不离其宗，音乐作为一种特殊的语言，在电影中可以起到揭示场景，暗喻人物心理的作用。在很多系列片中，某段或某类音乐总代表着一个比较固定的意义。也就是说，这段或这类音乐属于某一个特殊的人或景。比如奥特曼、佐罗、蜘蛛侠、超人等等，他们几乎都有自己的代表性音乐。每当音乐响起，观众就会知道某个人物即将出现，从而起到铺垫的作用。
背景音乐可以渲染气氛，可以引导和控制观众的心理状态。而在渲染氛围和影响观众情绪的过程中，也逐步推动了电影主题的表达，使观众和电影形成互动，从而使电影主题在观众心中得以凸显。一部好的影片，给观众留下深刻印象的不仅仅是电影的故事情节、画面制作等，背景音乐作为影视作品的重要艺术元素之一也同样有着重要地位，并且在宏观、微观、全方位、系列化、深层次、高水准的方面对影片效果起到促进作用。
⑵ 急求英文电影鉴赏论文
先知从常规意义上来讲，应该算作灾难片。优秀灾难片有定位，在这里我只说最重要一点，那就理想和现实完美结合。如果影片太过于理想化，情节全部都虚构，那么它给人们感受不会很真切；反之如果完全取材于真实事件，则似乎又乏味了点，可参照某部911题材影片。 如果你还没看过先知，建议你去看看，作为灾难片，影片主题说世界末日，虽然有些老套，但里面很多新颖东西让人眼前一亮，与以往灾难片相比，也出彩地方。 我先复制一下剧情介绍，以便你对影片有大概了解。 1959年，马赛诸塞州，威廉·道斯小学成立奠基仪式。一群天真浪漫孩童，在画纸上绘下了对未来憧憬，由校长和老师们带领将图画封藏在了时间胶囊里，深埋入基石之下。50年后现在，遵从仪式，入学新生们从地下挖出并开启了时间胶囊，人手一份当年画纸，而小男孩凯莱布，拿到了一张填满不规则数字奇怪纸张。 如果不凯莱布天生执拗好奇，如果这张纸片不半个世纪前出土，如果凯莱布父亲泰德不对随机性大有研究教授，或许它只会被当成孩童呓语，随手丢到一边。然而，对画纸内容感到有种难以言喻蹊跷和诡异，泰德不由得开始了一番推演运算。让他震惊，这些数字所传递编码信息非同小可--它们竟然毫厘不差地预言了过去50年中每个重大灾难！ 纯属巧合？神秘预言？旷世阴谋？一个小孩子又怎能在多年前预见到所有灾难依序发生时间和死亡人数？疑惑不解泰德没有时间思索这个怎么想怎么无稽答案，他只知道，预示着未来KB事件数字还在不断延伸，其中更包括了世界末日到来！地铁惨案，81人身亡，画纸上一个又一个预言成真，由不得他再坐视不管。一心想警告世人、阻止KB末日发生泰德，却被所有人当成疯子。唯一能帮助他，只有戴安娜和女儿艾比。因为她们，正当年做出神秘预言小女孩女儿和孙女 亮点一相对于世界末日，地心危机等一系列优秀灾难片而言，本片场面除了最后结局之外，显得不那么恢宏。剧情仅仅以一个平凡人去看待这一切，尼古饰演科学家因为儿子关系无意间发现了写有预言纸张，从论证到说服朋友，再到寻找戴安娜和她女儿艾比寻求帮助，整个过程你会觉得很无力或者说无奈，而主角不管以一个普通人身份，还以一个父亲身份，他都没有放弃普通人飞机列车事故，跑去救人。父亲为了儿子，找带按捺及其女儿；最后没有搭上外星人飞船。 不管发生什么，人都要作出正确选择，即便你很渺小，很无力。 亮点二因为影片场面不很壮观，那么为了提高人们兴趣，或者说为了刺激人们神经，影片自始自终都弥漫着一种诡异气息，这种气息来源分别那几个装扮成耳语者外星人，以及尼古儿子梦，以及很多个为什么。即便没有浩大场面震撼观众，但诡异情节和众多伏笔，依旧让人性质浓烈。 亮点三尼古最后回到了家里，和父亲拥抱，与父母妹妹相拥着面对死亡；女主角为了女儿，不顾危险命丧车祸。这都说明了亲情永远不可取代和至高无上。优秀电影，离不开人类众多情感中光明一面。 亮点四影片最后，地球被太阳赤炎毁灭了，但有一小部分人被外星人转移到了另外一个星球，包括尼古儿子和女主角女儿。虽然只很小一部分人，但当你在结尾看到两个孩子在美轮美奂草原上奔跑时，体会到只会灵动生命。生命与希望相互陪伴。 亮点五演员方面，尼古表现依旧抢眼，一个面部表情就可以让你明白他感受，在此不多评价，此人演技早已成神。这里重点要说女主角表现，我一开始对于女主角演技或者说表现持否定态度，觉得很多时候她反应过于激烈了，给人一种假感觉，但随着情节延伸，当你换位思考一下之后，觉得一切都理所当然，她做得很到位。好演员不可缺少。 亮点六细节处理无可挑剔，一两秒画面瞬间即逝，却能牵引出另外东西。比如说，尼古发现诡异耳语者骚扰自己儿子时候，有一个镜头尼古检查左轮手枪，手枪盒子以及说明书闪现了一下。这说明两个问题，第一，这把手枪刚买，第二，尼古从没用过手枪，因此需要说明书。为了儿子，尼古拼命了，这个细节又一次见证了伟大父爱！细节出真知，导演、编剧在细节处理上高，实在高。 除了亮点之外，本片也继承了优秀灾难片传统，首先现实与理想结合911第一个预言，也够详细，一下子就让人心提了起来，其次，虽然本片不以浩大特效吸引观众，但最后地球毁灭之时，几个特效镜头十分逼真，起到了效果，最后，略微悲情让你心情难以言表，加深你对影片记忆。
⑶ 电影包括哪些要素，用英文回答
playscript (novel, playwriter, screenwriter)
proction (development, pre-proction, proction, post-proction, distribution)
crew (procers, managers, company representatives, their assistants, editor, writer)
cast(actor)
proction staff (director...)
technology (special effects,cinematography )
sound track
venue
⑷ 高分急求关于外国电影的英语论文
我给你个论文网,你去找找看,上面应该有.
http://www.zlunwen.com/
我知道的论文网里面,只有这个论文网上面有关于电影论文的.
⑸ 期末英文论文想写英语电影中的中国元素分析，求推荐有没有一些经典的这种外国电影，本来想写变形金刚4，
英语论文可以具体帮你写一下的。
凡是被大多数中国人（包括海外华人）认同的、凝结着华夏民族传统文化精神，并体现国家尊严和民族利益的形象、符号或风俗习惯，均可被视为“中国元素”。中国的企业及品牌文化更是中国元素的重要组成部分。
“中国元素”不仅仅是传统文化的一种象征。不可能是西方文化的简单补充润饰，不应该狭窄地定义为宣扬民族主义的旗号。以“中国元素”作为创意语言更不应该视为一种时尚的新名词。诚然，有一种不可争辩的事实，当世界经济离不开持续增长的中国经济时，世界文明也离不开 中国文化。因为中国文化是人类不可或缺的重要组成部分。孕育着中国文化精神的“中国元素”将会为中国品牌走向世界奠定自信，它会承担起融入世界、影响世界的时代使命。
“ 中国元素”应分为三部分，第一是中国固有元素： 比如中国的领土（包括300万平方公里的领海），中国的人种，中国的气候等等；第二是 中国传统文化元素：这个不做累述；第三是中国的现代文化元素：比如北京的奥运精神，中国的航天精神，中国的电影文化，中国著名企业的文化等等。
中国元素——凡是在中华民族融合、演化与发展过程中逐渐形成的、由中国人创造、传承、反映中国人文精神和民俗心理、具有中国特质的文化成果，都是中国元素，包括有形的物质符号和无形的精神内容，即物质 文化元素和精神文化元素。如思想意识、 道德观念、价值体系、民俗事象、生活习惯、 宗教信仰、 建筑、艺术、科技、 法律、 伦理等，上至 三皇五帝，下到宋元明清，大到 故宫长城，小至窗棂 门钉。中国传统文化都是中国元素，但中国元素不全等于中国传统文化，还包括中国现代文化。
⑹ 论英文电影字幕翻译的基本要素与方法 开题报告怎么写，求帮助
第一次写这样的文章需要很长时间和精力，可以找专业的人帮你写一下
我知道一家，他们的文章写的不错，完成文章,包通过
加他为好友就行
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⑺ 跪求英文论文 评价好莱坞电影 要求从好莱坞电影的发展史入手
Article: History of hollywood film instry
The first movie studio in the Hollywood area, Nestor Studios, was founded in 1911 by Al Christie for David Horsley in an old building on the northwest corner of Sunset Boulevard and Gower Street. In the same year, another fifteen Independents settled in Hollywood. Hollywood came to be so strongly associated with the film instry that the word "Hollywood" came to be used colloquially to refer to the entire instry.
In 1913, Cecil B. DeMille, in association with Jesse Lasky, leased a barn with studio facilities on the southeast corner of Selma and Vine Streets from the Burns and Revier Studio and Laboratory, which had been established there. DeMille then began proction of The Squaw Man (1914). It became known as the Lasky-DeMille Barn and is currently the location of the Hollywood Heritage Museum.
The Charlie Chaplin Studios, on the northeast corner of La Brea and De Longpre Avenues just south of Sunset Boulevard, was built in 1917. It has had many owners after 1953, including Kling Studios, who proced the Superman TV series with George Reeves; Red Skelton, who used the sound stages for his CBS TV variety show; and CBS, who filmed the TV series Perry Mason with Raymond Burr there. It has also been owned by Herb Alpert's A&M Records and Tijuana Brass Enterprises. It is currently The Jim Henson Company, home of the Muppets. In 1969, The Los Angeles Cultural Heritage Board named the studio a historical cultural monument.
The famous Hollywood sign originally read "Hollywoodland." It was erected in 1923 to advertise a new housing development in the hills above Hollywood. For several years the sign was left to deteriorate. In 1949, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce stepped in and offered to remove the last four letters and repair the rest.
The sign, located at the top of Mount Lee, is now a registered trademark and cannot be used without the permission of the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce, which also manages the venerable Walk of Fame.
The Hollywood Sign as it appears today.The first Academy Awards presentation ceremony took place on May 16, 1929 ring a banquet held in the Blossom Room of the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel on Hollywood Boulevard. Tickets were USD $10.00 and there were 250 people in attendance.
From about 1930, five major Hollywood movie studios from all over the Los Angeles area, Paramount, RKO, 20th Century Fox, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Warner Bros., owned large, grand theaters throughout the country for the exhibition of their movies. The period between the years 1927 (the effective end of the silent era) to 1948 is considered the age of the "Hollywood studio system", or, in a more common term, the Golden Age of Hollywood. In a landmark 1948 court decision, the Supreme Court ruled that movie studios could not own theaters and play only the movies of their studio and movie stars, thus an era of Hollywood history had unofficially ended. By the mid-1950s, when television proved a profitable enterprise that was here to stay, movie studios started also being used for the proction of programming in that medium, which is still the norm today.
⑻ 我想写一片关于电影的英语论文，求主题！
卧虎藏龙可以写，人性、欲望、情义、中国文化。
⑼ 急求英美电影欣赏论文（英文的）
Men of Honor
《斯蒂文森小说精华》下卷收录《黑箭》及《绑架》，这两部长篇都是非常引人入胜的历史小说。在介绍二书各自的时代背景以前，不妨让我们先来鸟瞰一下英国历史，它的大脉络，那是很有趣的。
提起英国，人们只知道是个老牌帝国主义，十九世纪首先就是这匹恶狼闯进我们的家园。但是，在不列颠（联合王国除开北爱尔兰）那片土地（约略相当于我国湖南省）上，曾经多少次遭受外族血与火的蹂躏？多少次山河变色、国破家亡？一代又一代，有多少个入侵者、杀人凶犯，又有多少个英奸、卖国贼，最后都成了他们民族英雄和历史伟人，我们中有几位能够说了然于胸呢？一笔一笔血淋淋的陈年旧帐，整个的英国历史我们可以大体上概括为：三次种族大换血，三次沦为殖民地（即文化大换血或输血），三次开门揖盗，引狼入室，认贼作父——其中两回全国都成了我们中国的吴三桂。这就是一部英国史！
大约距今九千年以前，不列颠诸岛与欧洲大陆还是连成一体的，那里居住着中石器时代的地中海人和阿尔卑斯人。约五千年前，伊比利亚人自地中海地区西迁，是首批从大陆渡海过来的，征服了原有的居民。这次征服必定十分野蛮悲惨，使我们已经找不到任何中石器人的痕迹了。著名文化古迹索尔兹伯里平原上的怪石圈，就是伊比利亚人留下来的。是为第一次换血。
到了约两千五百年以前，有凯尔特人自今天德国南部一路砍杀过来，先后占领了今日法兰西、西班牙、葡萄牙、意大利等地，接着又越海占据了不列颠诸岛，残酷屠戮伊比利亚人。是为第二次换血。
自公元一世纪中叶，罗马帝国对不列颠进行了长达四百年的殖民统治。政府、法律和商业都使用拉丁语，只剩下乡下人才说凯尔特话。铺石的公路自此四通八达，繁荣城镇星罗棋布，罗马人还带来了基督教，其文化、习俗、生活用品也大量渗入，整个社会生活都罗马化了。直到五世纪初老家起火，他们才开始撤离。这是第一次被殖民地化。[ 转自铁血社区 http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]
前门去狼，后门进虎。紧接着于五世纪中叶，原居住在西北欧的三个日耳曼野蛮部族——盎格鲁、撒克逊和朱特人横渡北海，所谓“条顿人的征服”，（严格地讲，可以说是四次引狼入室。因为罗马军团撤离以后，软弱的不列颠暴露于北方野蛮苏格兰人同皮克人的侵扰之下。据说首先是一位凯尔特部族领袖，主动邀请朱特人前来协办国防的；而朱特人见有隙可乘，后来才反客为主，并引发盎格鲁及撒克逊人也来大举入侵。）耗时一百五十年。秦始皇焚书坑儒？小菜一碟！日耳曼人把凯尔特整个一个民族的成年男子几乎打杀干净啦（第三次换血）！他们这些刽子手构成了今天英吉利民族的主体。自然，残留的妇孺免不了繁衍生息，于是一代又一代的混血种横空出世。
金庸历史小说非常有趣，其耐看不亚于斯蒂文森。然而，若按照小说中那些仁人志士伸张正义、替天行道的血性脾气，非得要报伊比利亚人同凯尔特人，还有中石器人的血海深仇，将那些屠夫的孽种——今日的英国人，杀个精光不可！
历三四百年七国并存（类春秋战国）的局面，迟到九世纪初，延伸至十一世纪初，日耳曼野蛮人终于从自身各个部族纷乱称雄之中名义上得到统一，演绎出英国统治世系的第一个朝代——撒克逊系。
就在撒克逊系统御国家的同时，九至十一世纪，来自北欧的维京海盗——其中主要是丹麦人，大规模入侵英国。他们除了在英格兰东北部建立“丹麦区”，进行直接赤裸裸的统治之外，以后又向南方扩张。到十一世纪上半叶，虽说不断受到盎格鲁撒克逊人的反抗，仍有三十年之久，整个英格兰都已置于了丹麦国王卡纽特统治之下 ——此三十年即英国朝廷的第二系，丹麦系。前后历三百年，语言、文化、司法、度量衡……无不受到深深的影响。屈辱的殖民地史，居然列入了国祚的正统。
十一世纪中叶卡纽特帝国瓦解以后，政权重归撒克逊人的手中，是谓西撒克逊系。但是新王爱德华之母却是个诺曼底人（所谓诺曼底人本来也不是诺曼底的人，而是原居住于北欧的诺曼人，于九世纪南徙至今法国西北部、由于他们到来才称做诺曼底的地方，安顿了下来。操法语，与法国同化了。当时受封于国王的公爵，其领地叫公国，伯爵的叫伯国。十世纪初建立了诺曼底公国，为法国封建诸侯中最强大的；名份上为法王属下，实际有相当的独立性），国王本人是个半撒克逊半诺曼底的杂种，他自幼在诺曼底长大，长期流亡于兹，三十八岁才回国。即位以后便大量起用诺曼底人，还跟其表弟诺曼底公爵结为联盟，以抗衡国内的贵族，并使法语成为社会上层主要的交流工具。可谓里通外国、引狼入室之先声。
一○六六年，那位表弟诺曼底公爵威廉，根据表哥生前有让他继位之愿望，率兵五千乘舰队入侵英国，打败并杀死了新王哈罗德。英国大主教于西敏寺为之加冕，凭着圣经将英格兰交付与之，不久他便携着一批归顺的大主教、王孙贵族，返回诺曼底去也。胜利的法国人几年以内不断焚毁村庄，杀戮平民，掠夺英国贵族的土地以犒赏亲属及随从，统治上层换成了诺曼人的天下，新贵族取代了盎格鲁撒克逊的老贵族，诺曼底——法兰西语和诺曼——法兰西法律成了英格兰宫廷、英格兰贵族的语言和法律。教会也由法国来的意大利籍大主教接管了。然而，正是这位建立了诺曼底王朝的外国殖民君主同他的世子（继位者）们，于司法制度、兴建教堂乃至形成上议院、文化……等等方面诸多建树，即是说从世俗（硬件）同灵魂（软件）两个方面，为社会公正奠定了基础，开创了不朽的盛世基业，很有一点汉武帝的气象哩！原先盎格鲁撒克逊时期每个人只有一个单名，现今这样名字后边尾以姓氏，也是模仿他们法国贵族来的，这便是第三次殖民地化。自此以后，再也没有外族跨海入侵、成立霸业的情事了。君主世袭制度也是从威廉肇始，故被英国人大捧特捧为“征服者威廉”，几乎被当成我们的尧舜禹汤（真是一群厚颜无耻的亡国奴）！[ 转自铁血社区 http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]
说起尧舜禹汤，要提一下英国朝代递嬗的历史，那是迟到九世纪之初，自撒克逊国王埃格伯特开端的；较之我国西周共和，要晚上一千六百多年。一千二百年以来划为三个系、九代王朝，九朝当中还夹着一个共和政体。三系前边已经交代过了，第一代王朝便是这位威廉一世所建立。近一百年以后，安茹（法国地名）伯爵亨利二世（威廉一世的重外孙，又是一个外国人）跑到英国来，创建了安茹（又名金雀花）王朝——试设想一下，中国历史上若在北京建立一个约克（英地名）王朝或普瓦提埃（法地名）王朝，敝国上邦的文人们会不出来文饰一番，听由它赤裸裸洋名字刺激自己的自尊心吗？两朝共历三个半世纪之久，其中很长一段时间英国都是在法国国王的指挥棒下，让法国人或其后裔黄袍加身，君临英土。他们既是英国的一国之主，又在法国享有大片封地，作为法国藩镇，法王的附庸，其实心里只把英国当成一块殖民地，诺曼底才是他们的老巢，他们的根。一世以下有七位帝君，他们对英国只是遥领而已，大部分时间仍旧都呆在诺曼底的，其第六位在位十年，居留英国还不及一年哩。你看清兵入关，满人主宰天下以后，表现比他们还要好一些。尽管如此，英国人不去卧薪尝胆，不去做伯夷叔齐，偏还要把亨利二世这个法国拐子，也看作他们历史上最伟大的君王之一！直到十三世纪初法王将诺曼底收了回去，英国的君主这才慢慢地，开始一心一意作个名副其实的英国国王了。又过了将近两百年，朝廷重行回复到英国血统手中，开始了兰开斯特王朝。不过这一回殖民地亡国奴的滋味还要有得尝，又经历了大半个世纪，下一个约克王朝的第一任国王开始，才可以娶英国女子——而非法国女子，为王后；再又到建立都铎王朝的国王手上，英语才取代法语成为官方语言。到十八世纪的三十年代在法庭上才废止法语使用英语。
剩下来还有两次值得一提。第一回在一六八九年，中国的吴三桂刚刚于十年前闭上眼睛，英国大多数宗教徒出于强烈反对天主教国王掌政，不顾不久前荷兰海军驶入泰晤士河奇袭英皇家舰艇的国耻（1666年6月，荷兰海军迅雷不及掩耳冲入泰晤士河，炮毁英国舰只无数，王家船坞付诸一炬，尤为奇耻大辱者海军旗舰“皇家查尔斯号”竟被虏走。炮声隆隆，伦敦震撼，实实在在预演了一场珍珠港事变），请求国王的女儿玛丽同她的丈夫、荷兰统治者威廉（威廉不仅是国王的女婿，还是他的亲外甥）前来承继王位。于是女儿偕同女婿率军登陆英国，打得老豆跟老岳丈落荒而逃（当时玛丽的胞妹安，以及她的丹麦丈夫，倒向姐姐、姐夫一边，也背叛了老爹及泰山。后来安继威廉三世为女王，这个忤逆不孝的女人恶有善报，极富政声）。群臣请命：“玛丽女王，威廉摄政，如何？”“不干！”于是这位既有德国也有英国血统的荷兰杂种威廉三世，英国话都说不好的，堂而皇之地坐上了龙椅（玛丽为王后）。中国人要质问：伦理焉在，仁义何存？简直岂有此理！可是，沿袭至今虚君实相的民主政治体制——议会高于国王、平民院高于贵族院 ——正是此时确立，两党制格局也自兹形成；还有大败法王路易十四、成就英第一帝国等等功业。因此，英国人把这次不怎么流血的外戚入侵、大家都当亡国奴，十分自豪地称之为“光荣革命”，看得比中国人心目中的唐宗宋祖，还要高出许多头哩。
第二回是在二十五年以后，安女王仙逝无嗣，同样出于英国国教对天主教的排斥，遵照国会法案，举国迎接女王的表兄弟、德国番佬、汉诺威公爵乔治登基，称乔治一世。根本不会说英语，又在德国土生土长的他（其太子，后来继位的国王也一样），开始了史书上倒数第二个王朝，那又是一个以外国地名命名的王朝！此王朝繁演了一百多年，传到了维多利亚。哗，这位十八岁少女直到白发苍苍八十二岁老太太，金銮殿上龙椅一坐就是六十四年，比咱们康熙老皇帝还要长哇！可这个维多利亚不也是个杂种吗，原来她的母亲本是德意志一个小公国的寡妇，后来嫁到了英国王室。女王从小就在日耳曼人的教养下长大，母语说德语，英语一辈子也说得不地道。登基三年后又嫁给她所狂热崇拜的一位母系的表弟——不消说，那是个纯种日耳曼，狼子野心、非我族类无疑的喽！此后更加封亲王，倚之为左右手，批阅公文，干预朝政，（呜呼，大权旁落，一至于斯！）然而天哪，正是这一对野夫妇，文治武功，创造出英国历史上最辉煌的黄金时代！中国的中山路、中山堂、中山大、中山医科大……已经够多的啦，而以她维多利亚命名的，更遍及英、加、澳、亚、非诸多地域，还要多得多啊。英国人拿胜利、勇气、恒心、真理、母性、正义、科学与文艺、和平与进步……几乎所有想得到的颂辞，都奉献给了她，亲王也同样地世世代代倍受尊崇。你们瞧这个国民有多贱！其实，维多利亚的意义不仅限于英国。十八世纪，世界文明的重心在巴黎；十九世纪三十年代以后，即进入维多利亚时代，世界文明的重心到了伦敦。
以上这一类故事并不仅限于英国。我们知道古代日耳曼本是一个游牧民族，精壮男子去外边打仗，不断夺取新的土地，然后整个部落，男女老少，不断地易地迁居。他们极其重视荣誉，而这种荣誉是建立在比狠斗勇上边，认为掠夺、流血得来的财物，远比诚实劳动——流汗得来的光荣。所以打仗——掠夺，便成了生活的至高目的。为了抢劫不惜杀身成仁，舍生取义，血流成河，何等的悲壮！公元前一○二年，二十万条顿人于今法国马赛附近几乎全数被歼，死尸之多，居民不得不用白骨去砌葡萄园的藩篱。次年另一支日耳曼人在意大利北部牺牲更为惨烈，不单男人个个战死不屈，妇女们也成群先杀死自己的孩子，然后自刎。而欧洲人脉管中涌动着的，正是古罗马人（也是好战的种族）和古日耳曼人的血液！由此我们得知，如同汉民族这样死守着东亚一大片腹地，老子说“夫唯兵者不详之器”，墨子主张“非攻”，勤勤恳恳地从事农耕；三千年来各种民族成份无太大变动地延续了下来，虽足堪自豪，却并非世界人类史的唯一模式。
固然，王室皇族之间跨国互通嫁娶在欧洲的历史中据有特殊的地位，甚至曾经与民族国家之逐步形成同步进行，这一点本来同中国不大相同。即便是如此，从以上我们仍然可以得知，英国人是把宗教信仰、经济、政治的现实利益，以及实际政绩，看得高于抽象的民族感情的。所以像汉族这样，将对民族的忠贞当作超乎一切最高的价值标准，不惜掷头颅洒热血，赴汤蹈火；譬如从明末无数忠义之士壮烈殉国，清初到处反清复明，直闹到秋瑾，乃至孙中山还要靠黑社会排满起家，并不是人类文明史惟一的模式。
中国村只是地球上的一个角落，行善的人喜欢说“将心比心”，将心比心无疑是非常之好的；但是若认为邻村的善恶标准、价值取向，也应当同自己的一模一样，那便要谬误千里了。今天，跨在廿一世纪门槛上的我国青少年理应知己知彼，对这个多元的世界，对其他各个国家不同的历史，有更多的了解，具更博大的眼光，更宽阔的胸怀，以便当一个不至于丢人现眼的地球公民。爱国主义源于普遍的人性，民族沙文主义则要不得。
历史家皮名举有言“不学本国史不知道中国的伟大，不学西洋史不知道中国的落后”。信哉！
⑽ 求英语电影论文
《Alexander》about it. ——《亚历山大大帝》观后感~
I am a student, study more onerous task to all immersed in a pile, thick book of other aspects of knowledge about nature also less. In order to broaden their horizons, when choosing courses, I usually choose some human science classes. Remember when a friend gave high school had a Greek mythology to me, that is, from the book, I see a god of the mind and I've also is the traditional Chinese religion in the image of god is completely different. Greek mythology of the gods of the people who have thoughts, feelings, and the joy of the people, sadness, jealous, have fear. But god is the Oriental religions in, or even omnipotent, is ordinary mortals cannot be achieved. But because those books and the names of the gods and long, sometimes make me confused, I eventually failed to read the book. Myth, of course, is part of the culture of the classical Greek, in order to understand with many Greek mythology, when he saw the ancient Greek culture, when elective without hesitation, I chose. Fortunately, I choose. Through a study of the semester, although no Greek culture and in-depth understanding of ancient Greece, but the experienced periods have probably know for certain period of development, the typical of the political system, cultural phenomenon also have certain knowledge, I think is good harvest. Of course, the teacher said to the final paper to write, I still feel a bit silly, I don't know what good, because although much knowledge of ancient Greece, but to really understand some of the problems one write an essay, I think my knowledge is not enough. Just recently saw "Alexander of Alexander's life", interest, but to know before Alexander, so you have to find some information, and some of the facts is mentioned below from these materials, not do annotation.
Video introction
Alexander the great was about the history of the world's first emperor Alexander conquered Eurasian of life. Alexander BC, in Macedonian king is 3.56 Philip ii, once studied Aristotle, 19 years old father was assassinated succession to the throne. He first, then pacify defeated the Persian empire, began 22,000 miles of conquest. 25 years old, Alexander had established including the Nile valley, dry peninsula and the Ins civilization across Europe in Asia, but the Alexander under age 33 because inexplicable disease die suddenly.
In this film, Alexander the great friend (Anthony Hopkins ptolemaic general) through memory, the emperor's will as life. Forty years ago, Hollywood has taken Alexander, but only about his hero. The new version, full of adventure and dream from the childhood, thrust his parents fight, then the sad for him by Aristotle and mapping lesson, graally to his invicible paving the way to conquer. This is the life of the vivid characterization.
The director of Alexander oliver stone said: "this is probably the biggest challenges in my life, hope can make it much objective." In order to do this, stone is hard. Rafer specially invited professor of the university of Oxford robin Ryan fox as the historical consultant. The fox is research of Alexander the great expert, once wrote biographies of Alexander, sales of more than 100 million copies. He accepted the invitation gladly, but a condition, is to them in the emperor's elite cavalry, and must stand in the front of the team, he "fight" for Alexander dream.
Stone has invited the ancient linguists, tries to make some of the lines to real effect. Language Fox watched the movie said after school and historical scholars should get there watching for discussion.
However, if the movie history book, it obviously lost as the value of the movie. "Alexander" in the context of history, the plot details on again. Films, Alexander's father told him: a woman more dangerous than men, as the king had hurt his lover, Mother kept his place before him, said his father. Without these details on the history, but the parents struggle was mentioned. Alexander, such as wedding night, the bride almost killed him, although not in the historical lee, but the bride was defeated by Alexander, daughter of darius, the plot and have confidence. Therefore, the writer's creation that is reasonable, no violation of history.In addition, the recent history of the new viewpoint about Alexander historiography, more and more absorbed some characters, appear very full.
A pursuit of dreams
Above has been mentioned in the film, and the understanding of Alexander before, so he is the first impression from the movie, here is to put the matter what facts. Admittedly, the film Alexander some arbitrary, even some cold, but sometimes think conversely, if no such a domineering, pride and resolute, he can become a history of Chinese strategists hoyywood hills? However, I want to discuss and not his military command art, but his pursuit of dreams and in the process which reflects personality, it is exciting and amazing. If someone was born, this man is the conqueror Alexander. As a great soldier son, Alexander had been instilled many heroism and high adventure stories. He can reel off in the early lead, read Homer in the shelter of personality and lyrics. Whether in the house or in the battlefield, he had a pillow YiLiYaTe "with him to sleep. He led his Greek soldiers and defeated the Persian empire, strong and continue to crusade. Along the way, he and his army met with human body is similar, but what we know, hair, it is a monkey. They rode on large and those of the east, the elephant who had never seen defeated the monster. Of course, though, Alexander the great personality charm, many of his soldiers to fight for Alexander has faith, but for a long time, the journey of hard driving, the warriors who still alive and tired, they obviously very to return to his country and so on the roster appeared, the army also appeared a mutiny. One section, I is very impressive, when he determined to continue to advance in India, unwilling to part soldiers, one of the important general said a touching, they finally wish is only in them to the soldiers who died superempirical essence and meet them before the meeting, the wife and children. Alexander said: "yes, you're right, I, Ross, negligence. Should I send you back as soon as possible, all pensions from me to send, respected and wealthy, love, in the rest of you will be his wife and son of a hero, finally died peacefully. But your dreams, Ross, you, the simple, early in your child's life with Persia, with gold and silver in your pockets stuffed with you when you love, because it can destroy everything in the life of a man!" , kelat rose that touching words some long, here I will not lead to, but when I'm hearing his words, I was really touched by it and feel a mortal ordinary and true feelings, in my opinion, that he was not too. Then, Alexander the retort that enthusiasm, yes, Alexander and their pursuit of something different, he pursues the sun rays, the pursuit of great, so the life of ease, money and enjoy attractive for him, he defeated the Persian empire, Babylon the great wealth, costly court life and can't baffel him to continue the expedition.
Just after the movie's feelings, then some literatures on Alexander's expedition, some of the objective a detailed analysis. According to the data, Alexander expedition, he himself has said the Persian, and had ravaged sanctuary in Greece was assassinated Philip ii, the purpose is the expedition, revenge against the Persian stronger. But the specific analysis, find the reason for the expedition is just an excuse. Firstly, the assassination of the killer waves Philip ii, paulson and no relationship with the Persian empire. O Nebuchadnezzar, paulson wave is a young aristocrat, he and Philip ii, the generals have personal in Dallas. Whatever wave, is of Nebuchadnezzar's, but he SiYuan what action, really have no direct connection with the Persian empire. Alexander said he was assassinated in Persia, Philip ii, historical records on no. Secondly, from the assassination of Nebuchadnezzar, wave, paulson to Philip ii, so the action in advance of horses prepared assassination scene, it shows that he really otherwise conspiracy. Third, revenge is only according to Greek long-standing extremely extensive mental state, as to stimulate the greeks into the slogan of the Persian.
Anyway, I think it is worth affirmation, Alexander the great dream, in order to realize its can not wealth, enjoy thier rance and courage to explore the unknown.
2 Tim HeFei and about Alexander, RON
Alexander the great films, especially sexual orientation private life a lot dispute. In fact, he HeFei and ask the relationship, and I was at the movies process has been very puzzled, why history so great a character is gay? Believe that many people have the same doubts.However, when I accidentally see teacher site of excellent assignments exploring ancient Greek young titled "love", I feel like a life. For the love of the young this phenomenon from different aspects. First is the ancient greeks aesthetic idea. Ancient Greece is extremely attractive appearance and the worship of strong and handsome figure, in this respect, they don't care, as long as the male sex "golden hair, jiongjiongweishen eyes, ruddy complexion, strong muscle, broad shoulders." He must be able to attract others' eyes and love. Beautiful young completely meet greeks aesthetic standards and, in some cases, the young beauty of man can be less attractive girl. Secondly, the ancient Greek culture condition is the root of young love. The ancient culture and modern culture and the fundamental difference between the ancients to men, women, children in the man's eyes is only the mother and the family business managers. The ancient greeks regarded the spirit of man is the center of activities, they think that the girl was not what ecation, this kind of situation is caused by a woman because ecation condition, the cultural resources, and the spirit world of ancient Greek men spirit grades. This kind of social status can appear a situation: men and women together only flirting with youth, and can be found in the heart. They are likely to rationally between the dialogue lies not only in the young, beautiful, because they have more abundant knowledge and talent. Therefore, in ancient Greece appeared a modern difficult to understand customs: every man have attracted a boy or a young man, and in close daily life as his tutor, guardian and friends, also encouraged him to study all noble character. If any man have deceived than his little boy, will be considered not perform ties of a man, No one can get to a young man of friendship is a shame for. This kind of social and cultural customs in promoting cultural and ideological progress in a little deeper, to help build social moral standards have contribution. We can not surprised to find that most firmly hold the view that homosexuality is the most important and the most influential cultural elite of ancient Greece. At this point, even the spirit of love, Socrates also no exception.
In addition, a professor of the university of Oxford robin Ryan fox in the privacy of Alexander is explained. He said, Alexander has three wives, and his mistress, four grow up together, carry the HeFei partners have homosexual relations, and the one who Persian royal eunuch very close. The fox said, many of these ancient historians recorded the plot, compared with these records could be understatement. While these sparked controversy, because of different age has different view. Ancient Greece, polygamy and homosexuality is normal, Christian Europe, strict monogamy was established, homosexuality was considered evil, so, if we use today's morality to request more than 2,000 years ago, the ancients are serious distortion.
Want to use words to summarize the feeling after see: "bravely to pursue their dreams!"