① 美国电影的发展史概述 简短一点 700字左右
1889年，美国发明家爱迪生的实验室发明了活动电影摄影机，其后又发明了电影放映机，并于1893年建立了世界上第一个电影摄影棚。1894年4月，爱迪生用他的电影放映设备——"电影视镜"开始了商业性放映活动，这是美国电影史的开端。
默片时代，电影在美国得到迅速的发展。1906年，全美已有1000家"镍币影院"(因入场券为5美分镍币而得名)。1909年，镍币影院已达到1万家。为美国早期电影奠定艺术基础的艺术家主要有：鲍特、格里菲斯和卓别林。
在早期美国电影的发展中，由爱迪生控制的"电影专利公司"以纽约为基地一度垄断了电影业的经营。到1915年左右，这一垄断终于被打破，美国电影的生产基地移向今天已经闻名世界的好莱坞。在这里，美国电影史上闻名遐迩的八大公司逐渐发展起来，并建立起以"明星制""大制片厂制"和"类型片"为核心的好莱坞 制片体制，它们也被称为好莱坞的"三大法宝。"
1927年，美国华纳兄弟公司推出世界上第一部有声故事片《爵士歌王》，电影进入有声时代。从30年代到40年代中期，美国电影一直处于黄金时代。影片产量稳步上升，美国其他地方以至世界各地的许多电影艺术家纷纷来到好莱坞谋求发展。 随着有声电影的出现，除了早期的喜剧片、西部片、闹剧片外，歌舞片、强盗片、侦探片、恐怖片等各种类型片也迅速发展起来。类型电影是美国电影中的一种特殊现象，它以公式化的情节、类型化的人物和环境长期吸引着观众。如出现最早的西部片，它以美国西部开发的历史为背景，在西部独特的环境中描绘代表"野蛮"的印第安人、强盗、歹徒和代表文明的西部开发者、边疆居民、骑警之间的斗争，并一再塑造枪匹马、独往独来的牛仔形象，一直受到美国观众的欢迎。
40年代末至50年代中期，由于电视业的迅速兴起和政府的反托拉斯法案的实施等因素，美国电影业经受着一系列的打击和挑战。直到60年代末，"美国新电影"的出现和其后"新好莱坞"的兴起，才使美国电影重整旗鼓。从80年代中期直到今天，美国电影逐渐重新称霸世界影坛，并利用雄厚的资金，将高科技带入电影制片，为已有百年历史的电影带来了一种新的语言。
② 英语介绍 香港电影发展史
VERY HARD```
③ 高分跪求美国科幻电影发展史英文介绍！急！急！只要回答出来悬赏好说！！
As one can conclude from the term science-fiction movie, these films have a background of an advanced, fictional technology that is normally set in the future. Most of these movies have in common that they expose their own vision of the future, with new technologies commonly being the most noticeable change in these hypothetical worlds. Besides visions about all kinds of scientific areas, the given context of this work concentrates particularly on computer interfaces.
As a part of the seminar "Intelligent Spaces" approaches of mainstream science fiction motion pictures are extracted and analysed regarding their references in real-life human computer interaction (HCI) designs. Similarities to ongoing researches will be outlined - especially to those, which are presented by other talks of this seminar that have already taken place. To be able to draw comparisons to reality it is often necessary to view the ideas and visions of a movie on a relatively abstract level.
At first some key factors that determine or influence the design of HCI in movies will be discussed. Starting from this viewpoint numerous examples from selected movies will be observed. Due to the limitation of the material that was at hand, we cannot claim to provide a complete overview of all movies, but the available selection should suffice and allow a representative inspection of the movie scene.
We will start with a review of movies that do not show any concepts at all or merely adapt common everyday techniques of that time. The second and main part introces visionary interaction design, divided into different areas of interaction technologies, followed by a brief view at a couple of satiric movie scenes and the conclusions of this work in the end.
④ 征求一篇关于我国电影发展史的英文稿
欣逢中国电影百年华诞，是我们这代人的幸运。值此承前启后的时光节点，我们很想做些实事，在下一个百年为拓展中国电影史研究尽绵薄之力。
目前我们能读到的最早的中国电影史著述有两种，
即1934年版《中国电影年鉴》刊载的谷剑尘著《中国电影发达史》和1936年版《近代中国艺术发展史》收入的郑君里著《现代中国电影史略》。两位著者在这一领域有筚路蓝缕之功，其目力笔力所及，止于中国电影初创时期的影事轶闻。
新中国成立后，在电影史方面产生重要影响的首推程季华主编两卷本《中国电影发展史》。该书“十年磨一剑”，于1950年开始酝酿，从全国各地搜寻有关中国电影的资料、报刊、说明书、剧照和海报，1958年正式立项投入写作，1962年修改定稿；有关领导为慎重起见，决定以“初稿”方式出版，1963年首次开印4200册销售一空。三位编著者当初面对中国电影史研究这片“尚未开垦的处女地”，四处搜集积微成著，整合资源殊为可观——正文里片名索引达1336部(次)，影人人名索引为985人（次），刊发图片、剧照819幅；附录里提供了1905年至1949年间出品的国产片目录，程季华称这部书稿为“第一次的、极为初步的关于中国电影历史情况的一份调查报告”。尽管从今天的眼光来看，《中国电影发展史》还存在不少偏颇，但让编著者引以为荣的是，在史料搜集这一点上赢得了海内外专业人士的认可，如1986年版《剑桥中国史·中国民国史》强调“这部两卷著作至今仍是研究中国电影的内容包罗最广的著作”。
On the occasion of the founding of the China Film century, our generation is lucky. On the occasion of the link between past and future nodes time, we want to do practical things in the next 100 years for China to expand study of the history of film to make modest. At present, we can read the earliest Chinese writing the history of film, there are two, that is, the 1934 edition of "China Film Year Book," published in the sword-st "the history of Chinese film developed" and the 1936 edition of "Modern Chinese History of the development of the arts," the income of Zheng Junli "Modern Chinese History of cinema."The two authors in this field have the arous work and vision of its total power as far as I can, beyond the start-up period of Chinese film about the impact of anecdotal things.
After new China was founded in film history have a major impact on most of the quarter-China editor-in-chief of the two-volume "History of the development of Chinese film." The book, "10-year Sword", began in 1950, from all over the country to search for information on China's film, newspapers, periodicals, brochures, posters and stills, officially approved in 1958 into writing, to amend the final version in 1962; about the leadership cautious for the Purposes, the decision to "first draft" of the press, opened for the first time in 1963 and India 4200 sold out.Bianzhu three who had the face of China's film study of the history of this "has not yet opened up the virgin land", to gather around the plot into a micro-book, for the integration of resources is significant - the body of the index reached title in 1336 (), film names index 985 to 000 (times), published photos, stills 819; provided in the appendix from 1905 to 1949 between the films proced catalog-quarter of China said that this manuscript as "the first time, very preliminary film on the history of China A survey report. "Although today's point of view, "the development of Chinese film history" there are still a lot of bias, but Bianzhu so proud of those who, in collecting historical data on this point at home and abroad to win professional recognition, such as the 1986 version of the "Cambridge Chinese History of Chinese history in "stress" of the two volumes of this book is still the study of Chinese film the widest coverage for the contents of the book. "
⑤ 美国电影史英文版
英译：For a long time, the United States only to the film as a means of entertainment to Hollywood as a story and fantasy proction factories, so first of all note that the movie business value. However, after 70 years, the American film has been great development in academic research. In 1967, both in Washington and Los Angeles have established the American Film Institute (AFI). Film Archive, throughout the United States, including important ones are the New York Museum of Modern Art, Rochester's Eastman Film Archive, the Library of Congress, Washington, Berkeley Pacific Film Archive. 8 large film company has disintegrated or converting 60 years after the
A large number of film and archives donated to the museum and the University Film Studies Center, the study of national film traditions, protect their heritage plays a significant role in the film.
By 1900, Hollywood has a post office, a newspaper, a hotel and two markets, its residents number 500. 100,000 population in Los Angeles in the city, 11 kilometers east. In Hollywood and Los Angeles have only a single-track tram. 1902 Hollywood hotel, now known as the first part of the opening. In 1903, here upgraded to the city's 177 voting residents of the right to vote unanimously endorsed by the "Hollywood," named after whom. That year under the two commands are: In addition to pharmacies in other stores outside the prohibition, and no amount of driving in the streets more than 200 cattle. 1904
A new so-called Hollywood Avenue streetcar opened, so that between the Hollywood and Los Angeles round-trip time significantly shortened. In 1910, Hollywood residents voted to join the Los Angeles. The reason is so that they can be in Los Angeles drinking water and access to adequate drainage facilities.
In 1907, director Francis Burgess led his crew arrived in Los Angeles, filming "Count of Monte Cristo." They found that, where beautiful natural scenery, plenty of light and suitable climate is the natural place for filming. The early 1910s, director David Griffith Biograph company was sent to the West Coast to make a film, he took Lillian Gish, Mary-bi g-fu and other actors came to Los Angeles. They were then looking for a new site, so proceed north, came a warm small town, and that is Hollywood. Biograph company found here in good condition
So back to New York before they filmed several movies. Graally many people in the instry know that invaluable piece of land, to the increasing number of Hollywood movie crew, the U.S. film instry moved to Hollywood's big movement started, Hollywood movies have to be forward.
October 1911, a group from New Jersey to film-makers on the ground that under the leadership of the photographer came to a small Inn called Bu Lang, they will rent the inn converted into a studio look. In this way, they created Hollywood's first film studio - Ernest Pictures.
Since then, many film companies settled in Hollywood, the famous film companies: MGM (Metro Goldwyn Mayer, called MGM), Paramount Pictures (Paramount Pictures, Inc.), Twentieth Century Fox (20th Century Fox), Warner Bros. (Warner Brothers), RKO (Radio Keith Orpheum, referred to as RKO), Universal (Universal), United Artists Corporation (United Artists), Columbia Pictures (Columbia Pictures).
【中文】
关于美国电影
长期以来，美国只把电影看作是娱乐手段，把好莱坞当成生产故事和幻想的工厂，因此首先注意影片的商业价值。但是，70年代前后，美国电影学术研究有了很大的发展。1967年，在华盛顿和洛杉矶两地成立了美国电影研究院（AFI）。电影资料馆遍布全美，其中重要的有纽约现代艺术博物馆、罗切斯特的伊斯曼电影数据馆、华盛顿国会图书馆、伯克利太平洋电影资料馆等。8大影片公司于60年代先后解体或转产之后，影片和档案大量捐赠给上述资料馆和各大学的电影研究中心，对研究本国电影传统、保护本国电影文物起着很大作用。
二十世纪的好莱坞：到1900年，好莱坞已经有一间邮局、一张报纸、一座旅馆和两个市场，其居民数为500人。10万人口的洛杉矶位于市东11公里处。在好莱坞和洛杉矶间只有一条单轨的有轨电车。1902年，今天著名的好莱坞酒店的第一部分开业。1903年，此地升格为市，参加投票的177位有选举权的居民一致赞同以“好莱坞”为之命名。当年下的两条命令是：除药店外其他商店禁酒，及不准在街上驱赶数量多于200的牛群。1904年，一条新的被称为好莱坞大街的有轨电车开业，使好莱坞与洛杉矶间的往返时间大大缩短。1910年，好莱坞的居民投票决定加入洛杉矶。原因是这样他们可以通过洛杉矶取得足够的饮水和获得排水设施。
1907年，导演弗朗西斯·伯格斯带领他的摄制组来到洛杉矶，拍摄《基督山伯爵》。他们发现，这里明媚的自然风光、充足的光线和适宜的气候是拍摄电影的天然场所。1910年代初，导演大卫·格里菲斯被Biograph公司派到西海岸来拍电影，他带着丽莲·吉许、玛丽·璧克馥等演员来到了洛杉矶。他们后来想寻找一块新的地盘，于是向北出发，来到了一个热情的小镇，那就是好莱坞。Biograph公司发现此地条件不错，于是在回纽约前又陆续拍了好几部电影。渐渐许多业内人士都知道了这块宝地，到好莱坞的电影剧组越来越多，美国电影业移师好莱坞的大转移开始，好莱坞向成为电影之都迈进。
1911年10月，一批从新泽西来的电影工作者在当地以为摄影师的带领下，来到一家叫布朗杜的小客栈，他们将租到的客栈改装成一家电影公司的样子。这样，他们创建了好莱坞的第一家电影制片厂——内斯特影片公司。
从那以后，许多电影公司在好莱坞落户，著名的电影公司有：米高梅电影公司（Metro Goldwyn Mayer，简称MGM）、派拉蒙影业公司（Paramount Pictures, Inc.）、二十世纪福克斯公司（20th Century Fox）、华纳兄弟公司（Warner Brothers）、雷电华公司（Radio Keith Orpheum，简称RKO）、环球公司（Universal）、联美公司（United Artists）、哥伦比亚影业公司（Columbia Pictures）。
⑥ 求BBC.英语发展史（The.Adventure.Of.English）的字幕
BBC制作的节目通常都不带字幕的。
这个制作有一本书，以下是这书的资料。同时也可以参考一下The story of English / Robert McCrum, William Cran, Robert MacNeil.这个制作是1986年的，共有4盘影带和1本书。
Author： Bragg, Melvyn, 1939-
Title： The adventure of English : the biography of a language / Melvyn Bragg.
Publication info.：New York : Arcade Pub. : Distributed by Time Warner Book Group, 2004.
Location Call No. Status
Nonfiction 420.9 B CHECK ON SHELF
Edition 1st U.S. ed.
Description xii, 322 p., [32] p. of plates : ill. (some col.) ; 25 cm.
Note Originally published: U.K. : Hodder & Stoughton, 2003.
Bibliography Includes bibliographical references (p. [303]-312) and index.
Contents The common tongue -- The great escape -- Conquest -- Holding on -- The speech of kings -- Chaucer -- God's english -- English and the language of the state -- William Tyndale's bible -- A renaissance of words -- Preparing the ground -- Shakespeare's english -- "My America" -- Wild west words -- Sold down the river -- Mastering the language -- The proper way to talk -- Steam, streets and slang -- Indian takeover -- The West Indies -- Advance Australia -- Warts and all -- All over the world -- And now ...?
ISBN 1559707100
⑦ 谁有中国电影发展史的英文介绍，简单的几百接近一千字就可以
楼上的不错啊
⑧ 中国电影发展史的英文介绍
An introction of the history of Chinese films in English.
中国电影发展史的英文介绍
⑨ 英文电影发展史
这个也太有难度了吧，非得专业人士不行啊，建议你还是直接娶你老师那边索要得了，呵呵，大不了请吃顿饭完事！