Ⅰ 彝族火把节
彝族火把节的来历
很久很久以前,大姚县赵家店红山脚下彝族寨子有个聪明美丽、贤惠善良的姑娘诺娜和打苴基地方英俊勇敢的小伙子阿查倾心相爱着。这一年,阴险狠毒的山官头人魔哈选女作怒妃,妄想霸占山茶般秀美的诺娜为妾。在魔哈的淫威下,英勇的阿查,以弱胜强,以精湛的技艺战胜了险恶的魔哈老爷,魔哈恼羞成怒,用巫术轰裂了土猪梁子,阿查不幸堕落深渊。后经众乡亲搭救才脱险。
在阿查遇难的时候,诺娜姑娘险遭魔哈魔掌。魔哈带领兵丁把诺娜的家团团围住,要抢诺娜成亲。为了免遭贱踏,诺娜越悬崖绝壁,离家逃走,寻找阿查,在红山悬崖,她终因气力耗尽累死在悬崖之下,诺娜的身影永远显映在悬崖上,故有“白人崖”之称。
阿查被众乡亲救出了裂山,情知中计直奔诺娜家;只见诺娜的父母被魔哈所杀。阿查怀着悲痛埋葬了岳父岳母,找遍了丛山峻岭,最后才发同诺娜留在红崖上的白色身影。阿查痛不欲生,想跳崖与诺娜同归。众乡亲前往劝阻,从崖边拉回了阿查,并和他一起商量复仇的办法。次日(六月二十五日),阿查和四山八里,三村五寨的乡亲们高举着上千火把直奔魔哈家,焚烧了魔哈宫殿,烧死了罪恶的魔哈。为诺娜报了仇,为众乡亲解了恨。
为了纪念这个难忘的日子,每年六月二十五日这天下午,彝族村寨的人们都要点燃起松明火把,用这熊熊燃烧的火把去照耀四壁,烧死蚊虫;驱邪除恶,以示吉祥幸福;同辈人互敬火把,烧掉“祝崇”,以示清洁平安。然后举着火把把田间地头,挥舞引蛾,扑灭害虫。巡游之后,将火把插在田头地角,村前开阔地带,男女青年就围着火把跳起欢快的“左脚 ”,老人们围着坐火塘,打开醇香的火酒,互相敬酒,互祝吉祥。
人们还早早将出嫁的女儿接回家来。节日这天杀猪宰羊,同吃同住以示亲人团聚。这古老的习俗一直沿袭至今。虽与其它传说大同小异,但却体现了当地彝族百姓的习俗。按理“火把节”是农历的六月二十四,可这里却过“六月二十五”。因为它是为了纪念这一天英勇的阿查和四山八寨的乡亲们报仇血恨的日子。
火把节这天,周边元谋、永仁、龙街等地的山民都挑着自己的山货、土货,赶着骡马,跋山涉水来到赵家店,他们搭起帐篷,支起锅灶,一串串山货和一碗碗香气扑鼻的牛羊汤锅让过往的人们流连忘返。中午,在山上坡上,彝家人民支起磨秋,只见一对对青年男女在磨秋两头你上我下,人群中传出一阵阵喝彩声、欢笑声。夜晚,在稍有平坦的山坡上,一堆堆篝火燃了起来,彝家小伙拨弄着三弦月琴,姑娘们手牵手围着火堆随一阵阵弦声跳了起来,烈烈的火焰窜得老高老高,映红了年青人的面孔。尊敬的客人,如果你在场的话,你一定会不顾一切地挤进人群,牵起彝家姑娘的手,围着篝火,跳到天亮。
Ⅱ 彝族火把节的各地特色
在彝族地区,对火的崇拜和祭祀非常普遍,云南泸西县彝族在正月初一和六月二十四,由家庭主妇选一块最肥的肉扔进燃烧的火塘祈祷火神护佑平安。永仁县彝族在同样正月初二或初三奉行祭火,称作开火神会,凉山彝族把火塘看作是火神居住的神圣之地,严禁触踏和跨越。
到了节日,各族男女青年点燃松木制成的火把,到村寨田间活动,边走边把松香撒向火把,或进行集会,唱歌跳舞,或赛马、斗牛、摔跤。近代,人们利用集会欢聚之机,进行社交或情人相会,并在节日开展商贸活动。
Ⅲ 彝族的火把节都有什么活动
火把节期间举行传统的摔跤、斗牛、赛马等活动。这些活动,来源于英雄黑体拉巴战胜魔王(或天神)的传说,这位英雄与魔王摔跤、角力,还教人点燃火把烧杀恶灵所化的蝗虫,保护了村寨和庄稼。
为纪念这一事件,每年火把节,就要象征性地复演传说中的故事,渐渐成为节日活动的主要内容。火把节一般历时三天三夜,第一天为"都载",意为迎火。这一天,村村寨寨都会打牛宰羊杀猪,以酒肉迎接火神,祭祖,妇女还要赶制荞馍、糌粑面,在外的人都要回家吃团圆饭。
火把节第二天为"都格",意为颂火、赞火,是火把节的高潮。天刚亮,男女老少都穿上节日的盛装,带上煮熟的坨坨肉、荞馍,聚集在祭台圣火下,参加各式各样的传统节日活动。成千上万的人聚集在一起,组织赛马、摔跤、唱歌、选美、爬杆、射击、斗牛、斗羊、斗鸡等活动。
火把节的第三天,彝语叫"朵哈"或"都沙",意思是送火。这是整个彝族火把节的尾声。这天夜幕降临时,祭过火神吃毕晚饭,各家各户陆续点燃火把,手持火把,走到约定的地方,聚在一起,搭设祭火台,举行送火仪式,念经祈祷火神,祈求祖先和菩萨,赐给子孙安康和幸福,赐给人间丰收和欢乐。
Ⅳ 彝族火把节的资料短一点
火把节是彝族、白族、纳西族、基诺族、拉祜族等火把节民族的古老而重要的传统节日,有着深厚的民俗文化内涵,蜚声海内外,被称为“东方的狂欢节”。不同的民族举行火把节的时间也不同,大多是在农历的六月二十四,主要活动有斗牛、斗羊、斗鸡、赛马、摔跤、歌舞表演、选美
等。少数民族的举办时间彝族、纳西族、基诺族在农历六月二十四举行,白族在六月二十五举行,拉祜族在六月二十举行,节期二三天。彝族认为过火把节是要长出的谷穗像火把一样粗壮。后人以此祭火驱家中田中鬼邪,以保人畜平安。如今人们还利用集会欢聚之机,进行社交或情人相会,并在节日开展商贸活动。“火把节”也是白族的一个盛大节日,每年夏历六月二十五日,白族人民就会举行预祝五谷丰登、人畜兴旺的活动。汉族的火把节江苏省南通地区是整个汉族中可以说是唯一进行火把节的地区,每年的冬至那一天,当地的精壮男子都会拿着一大把由稻秆作成的火把,在房前屋后浇上油,在田间地头绕上几圈,以乞求来年的风调雨顺,五谷丰登。
Ⅳ 凉山彝族火把节用图画怎么表现出来
先画一个火堆,在画一群人围着跳舞,然后在画几个手举火把的人,关键是要画穿彝族服装的人
Ⅵ 彝族火把节的传说,简短一些!!
云南彝族传说,从前彝族有个叫阿提拉八的大力士,有拔山之力。因在比武中摔死了天上的大力士斯热阿比,惹怒了天菩萨。
为了惩罚他,天菩萨派出大批蝗虫、螟蛾来吃地上的庄稼。阿提拉八于是在六月二十四日那一晚砍来许多松树,率众点火烧虫。从此人们定这天为火把节。
When night fell, from Shilin to叠水from Guishan to the long lake, countless torches of the night sky Yinghong, Yinghong people's smiling face, passionate voice and powerful sound of the big sanxian intertwined, cottage immersed in the the joy of holiday ... ...
◆ on the "Torch Festival", circulating such a wonderful touching story.
In ancient times, in a high mountain, there is a castle, a castle with a disability living in the Division, he generated a pair of mouse eyes, brooms brow, a silver carp mouth, with a sharp convex it on the chin, a pair of skinny face covered with a black man with a pockmarked face on, people give him a nickname called "黑煞神." This黑煞神stop at no evil, his large group养着Ding, hitmen and brutal rule and crush the people of the Yi. Him all sorts of excuses,横征暴敛,人丁children have to pay tax, the mountains hunting to pay rent out mountain, river fishing fishing want to donate land ... ... a variety of taxes, forcing the people really can not breathe, in order to resist this黑煞God's brutal rule, has repeatedly held uprising, however, difficult to toast solid capture the castle, many people have been captured alive and executed.
There is an intelligent and capable shepherd, and his name is Zacca, come up with a way to circumvent dependencies toast to the castle. He secretly a serial Walled 99 poor people, and decide from June 17 onwards, families of sheep are kept in stables, the daily feed point of water, do not feed forage, hungry on七天七夜. Uprising on people at night time spear-made, well cut bamboo, grinding good machetes, axes, and angle at each goat tied up on a torch, everyone agreed in the June 24 uprising evening. By that night, when the moon has not yet appeared, Shan Qing woods breeze gently blowing, the horn blew only hear say, on the first "torch mother" for the number, at this time various Uprising people immediately sheep barn door open, lit from 10 million tied up at the torch Yanggakdo, toast off flock to the castle黑煞神offensive.
Countless sheep that have long been hungry enough, then by the fire, rushed to the gun leaves the mountains busy eating grass. Zacca an uprising led by the people, brave to rush ahead. Approaching the castle, then drums and shouting loudly to move. Castle黑煞神hastily boarded one watch, only fill the fields become a sea of flames, surrounded the castle from all sides, people have begun to attack the gate. Side orders黑煞神Ding, hired to defend it, yet they themselves have quietly go into the hole, ready to flee. At this point each army uprising has broken the castle, get stormy weather.找遍everywhere can黑煞神is not toast. Later, a large butler Zacca captured interrogation, the big fear death housekeeper kowtow to kneel on the floor begging for mercy, once they came to lead the Zacca toast that hole go into hiding.
Zacca perhaps the first big hole under the黑煞神called the surrender, the usual big狐假虎威housekeeper was in panic, that is, dare not burrow under. All of a sudden it collapsed on the ground, unable to stand up again. People are around, suddenly, out of a hole from the daggers, together Hanguang闪过, will be shot down that dagger on the ground. Zacca has already original preparedness, he will not easily surrender黑煞神expected to make a last-ditch struggle, so the local hole fly out the dagger that Sharp, the Zacca眼明手快, one挥起machetes, daggers will be shot down !
Zacca and黑煞神people never see them, they decide to use a torch to burn him. Therefore an order is issued, 10,000,000 torch immediately burrow堆成around a hill, I saw flames of fire burning wang, a moment, the area also were burnt crimson red, then the toast to all kinds of evil so黑煞神buried torches are at. In order to commemorate the struggle against the tyrannical rule of Success, is scheled for June 24 on that day as "Torch Festival."
◆ Torch Festival
Our country are in southwest Yi, Bai, Lisu Lisu, Wa, Brown, Naxi, Lahu, Pumi ethnic people, such as traditional festivals. Mixed throughout the festival period.
Yunnan Bai, Yi general at June 24 each year after.
Guizhou Yi are many early June at 6.
◆ holiday legends mixed origin.
◎ The legend of the Bai, the Han Dynasty副将郭世忠killed Dali Rahman that the chiefs, chiefs found that the wife of Henan looked beautiful, she will marry marry. Henan pretending to agree, but a memorial of her deceased husband's three conditions, however, Henan Festival at Cardiff when they are burning a fire hall,跃身himself jumped into the raging flames. Henan brave loyalty and win the people's praise and admiration. From suicide each year in Henan days, they lit torches compatriots Bai, Yu Heung Walled string to show Memory.
◎ Paper 1 Say Nanzhao Logica Wang Chao Club invited the head of five meetings, Deng Chao short head of the wife of charitable husband not to persuade his wife, did not listen, are based on sets of iron fed in Cardiff arm, skin burning torch Logica Court House, Chao-five leaders are being burn die, charities find a husband Iron-fed carcasses to go. Paper Logica Court heard its yin, For the wife's. Charitable burial ceremony after her husband closed the city himself, it was day Yunnan people to hoist the torch burning.
◎ said one long time ago, the sky hot Abi Adams凶神, Fengtian Wang days Gucci orders came to send grain faction of the Yi people, the rent collection reminders tax, extortion extortion, resistance among the people of the Yi people. In order to overcome凶神, the selection of a U.S.阿提拉巴called a hero, fighting for nine days with nine凶神night, killing凶神, apart from black people. King heard the news furious and on the next "days of the worm" eating crops, a vain attempt to put hungry people.
Value Yi Li, "Dan tiger" season, potato结薯, flowering buckwheat, corn, "child back" when. The omnipresent "Heaven worm" ate three days and three nights, seeing the crops will be destroyed彝家, when everyone gathered in the hills to meet again to discuss holding high the torch, burned to death "bug day" response. So men, women and children of the Yi people, all give the torch burning "days of insects." Torch cited for three days and nights, the majority of death "bug days", the protection of the banker, won the harvest. A small number of "days of the worm" to hide in the crops and for the prevention of their harm to the people once again, the annual "Tiger Dan" season, the Yi people to hold high the torch, so year after year, the formation of today's Torch Festival.
◆ Torch Festival of the origin, at the Bai, Naxi, Pumi and other peoples, there are lot of legends. Burning torch above the floor, said the most common one.
◆ Every Torch Festival, the Yi, Bai families have erected in front of a torch.
Piling up at the central plaza from a pagoda-shaped torch. A three elections, Ching Chung Li四丈high In the middle, surrounded by a pile of used diesel-tiered pagoda into shape, put the top covered with a saffron, white cake, wood Chui Begonia. Evening, men, women and children holding the size of a torch, with the gong, the clarion voice of pooling in the plaza will be lighted tree tower. All of a sudden the fire into the sky, dry fire sound rustic black with the sound of gongs and drums, a Huicheng cheers shook the mountain.
◆ Naxi the Torch Festival is scheled for June 25,26,27 old calendar day, second only to the people of the Naxi are a grand Chinese New Year holiday.
Torch Festival the first day, people and good selection of pine and long, thin劈成article, together with the middle torch flammable, bundled into a torch. Evening, each in front of the torch lit on the next day the torch generally higher than the first day of one. Torch Festival are the climax of the third day, the torch Zadeh tall and large, beautifully decorated, all corner shine everywhere, in order to illuminate the crops, eradication of pests, pre-祝丰年. People to hold high the torch, all dancing, all night long. Yi people in many areas, also held horse racing, bullfighting, wrestling, archery, tug-of-war, playing swing and other activities.
Ⅷ 彝族火把节的风俗习惯